Mortality data is used to track infant and maternal deaths. This graph shows the under 5 mortality rate from 2000 until 2016.  The increase in under 5 mortality between 2000 and 2003 is largely due to the impact of the HIV epidemic.  The marked decline in under 5 mortality after 2004 is due to the impact of the Prevention of Mother to Child Transmission and the rollout of the ARV programme, which has dramatically reduced mother to child transmission.  However, after 2011 the decline in mortality in this age group has levelled off.